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why transistor npn is biasedinnegative positive and more positive way?
as a pnp transistor is biased emitter for positive base for negative and collector for more negative with respect to the base.
It's the physics of the situation. Nearly everything about an NPN transistor is the opposite, or complimentary to, a PNP transistor.
In both types of bipolar (BJT) transistors, when biased in their linear region, current in the base controls the current in the collector with the collector current being on the order of 100 times the base current. Both the base and collector current flow through the emitter.
In a typical NPN transistor:
* Current flows into the base.
* Current flows into the collector
* Both base and collector current flow out of the emitter.
* The base must be biased 0.5V to 0.7V above the emitter for base current to flow.
* The collector must be about 0.1V above the emitter for emitter current to flow. (Note: The collector can actually go a below the base and still conduct)
For a PNP transistor.
* Current flows out of the base.
* Current flows out of the collector
* Both base and collector current flow into the emitter.
* The base must be biased 0.5V to 0.7V below the emitter for base current to flow.
* The collector must be biased about 0.1V below the emitter for emitter current to flow. (Note: Again, the collector can actually go above the base and still conduct ... slightly different than what you suggest in your original question.)
Interestingly, in a linear circuit (like an amplifier) if you replace an NPN transistor with a similar PNP transistor (or visa versa), and reverse the power supplies, the circuit will work equally well.
Hope this helps.
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