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Plug Module

Which Type of 12 Volt Solar Charger Is Best?

When it comes to saving money and reducing pollution and dependence on foreign oil, a 12 volt solar charger is a surprisingly simple and versatile alternative. Read on to find out more about different types of solar battery chargers, including how to put one together for yourself.

Basically, a battery charger is a power supply that transfers electricity of the correct voltage to a battery. All you have to do is connect the battery to the charger, wait for it to charge all the way, and then take it out. If you want to charge a 12 volt battery, you can put it into a 15-18 volt charger. However, this kind of system poses the risk of overcharging.

Overcharging decreases the life of a battery. A badly overcharged 12 volt battery may even lose its ability to hold a charge. However, you can use a charge controller, which will ensure that the correct voltage is used and keep the battery from being overcharged. A charge controller is equally necessary when you’re using a 12 volt solar charger, as it will allow you to leave a battery in throughout the day without the risk of overcharging.

For 12 volt batteries, the most common type of charge controller is the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) type. A PWM charge controller works by, in a manner of speaking, switching on and off very quickly. At first, the switch stays “on” more. As power is moved to the battery, the amount of time the switch spends in the “off” position increases, and once the battery is fully charged, the switch no longer comes back on. The charging process is overseen by a microprocessor chip. In other words, you can leave this type of charge controller plugged into a battery all day long if you like, since it will only send power to the battery when necessary, without the risk of overcharging. When you have a battery that you don’t necessarily use all the time, you can take advantage of this type of “trickle charging” in order to make sure that the battery is fully charged and ready whenever you need it. So, if you’re using a 12 volt solar charger, this function will let you leave a battery connected throughout the day. This is a convenient way of keeping the 12 volt battery for, for example, a boat or an RV charged.

A 12 volt solar charger is no more complicated than that. What differentiates a 12 volt solar charger from a normal battery charger is the power source. As one would expect, a solar panel is the source of the power for a solar battery charger. Many people are now building their own DIY solar panels. You can get more info by clicking on Do It Yourself Solar Panel.

1/2 volt and 3-4 amp solar cells are generally used in the solar panels that you might see on buildings. Several of these cells have to be joined in order to produce the 15-18 volts necessary for a 12 volt battery charger. Currently, there are small solar panels of numerous different voltages on the market. The charger will work properly when you match the voltage of the solar panel to your charge controller. The correct voltage is indicated by the voltage rating, which is shown on every charge controller. A solar panel of 15-18 volts is usually the best choice if you can’t use a charge controller for whatever reason. However, if you are using a charge controller, it’s important to use the indicated voltage. GreenDIYEnergy is the best guide to building your own 12 volt solar charger. To read my article about it, take a look at Green DIY Energy Review.

The connector used by the charge controller determines the best way of wiring it to the solar panel. Usually, it’s possible to solder the same type of connector onto the solar panel that you have on your charge controller. If you can’t use a charge controller, you can use the same type of connector that’s on the battery. With respect to clamps, the spring loaded type are a good choice for larger 12 volt batteries. Even if you’ve never done soldering before, this procedure would actually be a good place to start, as it’s a very easy one. You won’t require any special tools other than a decent soldering iron and solder, which you can get cheap at places like Radio Shack. All you have to do is twist the wires on either side together, applly the soldering iron to the wires, and touch the solder to the wires until it melts. As long as you’re careful not to burn yourself, and remember to heat the wires and not the solder itself with the soldering iron, it’ll be a simple process. Homemade Energy is another great guide to building your own 12 volt solar charger. If you’re interested, check out Homemade Energy.

It’s really that simple! Building a 12 volt solar charger is a quick procedure too. First, you’ll have to get a 12 volt battery. Making sure to get one with the appropriate voltage, you’ll also want a charge controller. Build or buy a solar panel that has the correct voltage for the charge controller. The last step is to make all the connections – connect the solar panel to the charge controller, and the charge controller to the battery. Once you’ve done this, you’ll have permanent, free power! This will lower your energy bill, cut your emissions, and let you do your part in ending dependence on foreign oil.