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Switch Relay

Electric Relays And Their Operations

In the old days, relays were required for long distance telegraphs in order to repeat the incoming signal from one circuit and then retransmitting that signal to another circuit. Electric relays are used to switch a mechanism mechanically, but can also be used for many other operating principles. Mostly though, electric relays are used wherever there is a need to control a circuit through the use of a low power signal, or where there is more than just one circuit that needs to be controlled with just one signal. Electric relays were often used to operate computer maneuvers and telephone exchanges. There are also several types of relays such as the contractor, which requires a high level of power in order to drive an electric motor. Solid state relays have stationary parts while protective relays are made to guard electrical circuits from wear and tear due to faults.

The general household has many electrical appliances within it. It is here that the everyday application of electric relays can be observed. Here they allow the flow of electricity from one point to another in order to allow the appliance or equipment to properly function. An electric relay consists of four main parts, the armature, the electromagnet, the spring, and the electrical contacts. The armature functions by moving up and down in order to complete a circuit and therefore allowing electricity to move freely through the circuit, or to break it and prevent electricity from moving to the next point. The electromagnet aids with shutting the circuit by drawing the armature open when the smallest amount of electricity is detected. The spring is the exact opposite in terms of function with the electromagnet. The spring holds the armature open and prohibits electricity from coming into contact with the electromagnet. The electrical contacts are the points in the relay that complete the circuit whenever the armature is down. Without them, the current would not be able to move through to the intended path.

Based on the electromagnetic energy that is received, electric relays function with the help of the electromagnet which pulls the armature closed, completing the circuit and allowing the current to pass through the contact points freely. With the assistance of a low power signal, an electrical relay is able to command the flow of high power currents to be able to pass through the circuit . For larger machinery, solid state relays are utilized to conduct large load currents with only a low power signal. Unlike a conventional electric relay, solid state relays contain no moving parts. There are also harmful connections in a circuit that can occur and damage the system itself. In order to prevent this, protective relays calculate the condition of the circuit and intervene whenever they detect a fault.