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Question about charge and electric potential energy stored in a capacitor?
The area of each plate of a parallel plate capacitor is 75cm squared and the plate seperation 5.0mm, and the space between the plates is completely filled with Teflon (k=2.1). (The permittivity of free space is 8.85x10^-12 F/m)
What is the capacitance of the capacitor?
If the capacitor is connected to a 12 volt battery, what is the charge on the capacitor, when the capacitor is fully charged?
How much energy is stored in the capacitor?
The capacity with air can be found by multiplying the constant
e = 8.85418 picofarads per meter by the area (75 sq. cm.)
and dividing by the distance between the plates, in this case
5 mm. So in air we find:
the capacity C = 8.85418 * 7.5 * 10**-3 / 5 * 10**-3
or the capacity in air = 8.85418 * 1.5 = 13.28 picofarads.
The Teflon has a dielectric constant of 2.1, so with the Teflon
in place the capacity is multiplied by 2.1, or 27.9 picofarads.
When the capacitor is fully charged, the charge in coulombs
Q = CV, where C is capacity & V is voltage.
The capacitor has a charge of 27.9 times 12,
or 334.8 picocoulombs.
The energy is given by E = ½CV², or (½)(27.9)(144)
or 2008.8 picojoules, or 2.0088 nanojoules.
Hope this helps.
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